Endocrine Abstracts

Ghrelin and PYY are gastrointestinal peptides involved in appetite regulation. The cholinergic part of the vagal nerve participate in the regulation of glucose and insulin levels. We aimed to examine the effects of the cholinergic antagonist atropine on ghrelin, PYY, glucose and insulin under basal conditions and after meal ingestion in lean and obese subjects. Eight lean and eight obese subjects received in a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study design...

Obestatin has recently been identified as a peptide derived from pre-proghrelin that opposes ghrelin effects on appetite and body weight in rodents. We studied the effect of food intake on both these hormones in obese and lean subjects and recorded in parallel the subjective sensations of satiety and hunger. Eight obese (two males and six females, BMI=31–52 kg/m2) and eight age- and sex-matched lean subjects (BMI=19–23 kg/m2) were randomized to ...

Introduction: Hypoparathyroidism can occur post-surgically after thyroid or parathyroid surgery or in autoimmune or genetic diseases. Over several decades, the management of hypoparathyroidism included only supplementation with calcium, vitamin D3 (cholecaliferol), as well as active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol). In cases with severe hypoparathyroidism, this treatment can be limited by hypercalciuria, and these patients often need substitution with recombinant parathyro...

Introduction: Osilodrostat decreases cortisol production by inhibiting 11β-hydroxylase, increasing adrenal hormones above the blockade. Here, we describe these effects of osilodrostat and associated adverse events (AEs). The efficacy and safety of osilodrostat in patients with Cushing’s disease (CD) were confirmed in the published Phase III, prospective LINC 3 study (NCT02180217).Methods: 137 patients with CD (mUFC >1.5x upper limit of norm...

Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is a major cardiovascular (CV) risk factor and independent predictor of the increased mortality in patients with acromegaly. Surgical cure of acromegaly is associated with improvement in blood pressure (BP) levels, however little is known on the effect of pegvisomant (PEGV) treatment on HTN.Methods/design: ACROSTUDY is an open-label, international, prospective, non-interventional study monitoring the long-term safety of P...

Introduction: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) has recently been characterized as a cardiovascular risk factor. GDF15 correlates with insulin resistance and obesity in cross-sectional studies and exerts anorexigenic effects in interventional rodent studies. GDF15 has been proposed as a possible therapeutic target in the treatment of obesity, however its meal- and nutrient-dependent regulation in humans has not been investigated previously.Methods...

Background: Patients being cured of craniopharyngioma (CP) often suffer from severe hypothalamic obesity due to tumor localization or therapeutic interventions, which has a major impact on increased mortality and reduced quality of life. Gastric bypass surgery (GBS) was suggested to be an effective therapeutic option for weight reduction in those patients. However, long-term changes in body weight and postsurgical complications are unknown.Methods: 5 pat...

Glucocorticoid feed-back in pituitary corticotrophs represses POMC transcription and ACTH release. Serum and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (Sgk1) has been identified as an immediate early target of glucocorticoids in many tissues, however its expression and function in corticotrophs are unknown.We show here that Sgk1 is present in the human pituitary gland at both mRNA and protein levels. Double-immunohistochemistry revealed that Sgk1 is expressed in d...

Gestational weight gain has been linked to obesity in women of childbearing age. Mothers who breastfeed present less postpartum weight retention. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are unknown. This study aimed at investigating the impact of breastfeeding on maternal appetite-regulating hormones.The clinical trial recruited 29 women divided in three age- and BMI-matched groups. The first group included 10 fully breastfeeding mothers of 3 to 6 m...

Oxytocin is a hormone and neurotransmitter with antiinflammatory and neuroimmune-modulatory properties. Physiological states of elevated plasma oxytocin levels are associated with reduced hypothalamic–pituitaty–adrenal response to different stressors. We examined the effect of exogenous oxytocin administration on bacterial endotoxin induced innate immune responses in humans. Ten healthy men received in a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over design (1) placebo, ...